Many clinical cases in exotic practice are directly linked to improper husbandry and nutrition. This lecture explores how environmental factors affect patient health, such as the connection between wire flooring and sore hocks in rabbits, and the risks of urolithiasis in plant-protein-fed ferrets. We will examine species-specific water preferences, including how water bowls versus bottles influence intake in rabbits and guinea pigs. The presentation will also highlight critical dietary needs, like Vitamin C supplementation in guinea pigs, and best environmental practices, such as why "a hutch is not enough" for rabbits, the importance of dust baths for chinchillas, and suitable flooring to prevent ulcerative pododermatitis.