Name
Mesenteric Root Torsion in Four Domestic Rabbits: Diagnosis, Management and Outcome
Description
Mesenteric root torsion (MRT) is a life-threatening cause of acute gastrointestinal (GI) obstruction in rabbits. This case series describes the clinical presentation, diagnosis, surgical management, and outcomes of four client-owned rabbits diagnosed with MRT between September 2024 and April 2025. The affected rabbits (two Holland lops, one Dutch, and one mixed breed; ages 1-5 years; all neutered males) presented with acute anorexia, abdominal distension and pain, and reduced fecal output. Hematologic findings included mild hemoconcentration, an inflammatory leukogram, mild azotemia, hyperglycemia, and mildly elevated hepatic enzymes. Radiographs demonstrated displacement of the cecum, gas-distended small intestinal loops displaced craniodorsal to the stomach, and gastric dilatation. Exploratory laparotomy confirmed 90°–180° torsion of the mesenteric root in all cases, with a left-to-right orientation of the cecal gyrus and varying degrees of intestinal vascular congestion. One rabbit had a concurrent duodenal trichobezoar requiring enterotomy. De-rotation of the mesentery restored intestinal perfusion in all cases. Postoperative care included intravenous crystalloid fluids, lidocaine and metoclopramide constant-rate infusions, maropitant, meloxicam, and opioid analgesia. Three rabbits regained appetite and fecal output within 48–72 hours and were discharged in good condition; one rabbit experienced postoperative cardiopulmonary arrest. Mesenteric root torsion should be considered in rabbits presenting with acute GI signs and radiographic evidence of intestinal displacement. Prompt surgical intervention and intensive postoperative care can result in favorable outcomes. Early recognition is critical to prevent irreversible intestinal ischemia and improve survival rates.
Session Type
Poster