Name
Creation and Validation of a visual grading scale for beak overgrowth in Testudo spp. tortoises.
Description
Beak overgrowth is a common but inconsistently defined condition in chelonian patients, with proposed associations with nutritional imbalances, husbandry deficiencies, and underlying systemic disease. Despite its clinical relevance, assessment of beak overgrowth remains largely subjective, leading to variability in diagnosis, intervention thresholds and perceived prevalence. The purpose of this presentation is to discuss some of the clinical aspects of beak overgrowth and describe the development and prospective validation of a standardised visual grading scale for chelonian beak overgrowth, with discussion of its potential role in improving clinical communication, research consistency, and patient care. A validated visual scale will provide veterinarians, technicians, and researchers with a practical, repeatable tool for objectively assessing beak overgrowth in chelonians. This scale may improve inter-observer agreement, assist in monitoring disease progression or response to corrective husbandry and medical interventions, and support more consistent documentation in clinical records and research studies. Ultimately, standardised assessment may enhance welfare outcomes by facilitating earlier intervention and evidence-based treatment decisions. A prospective, observational study was conducted using lateral and rostral photographs of chelonian beaks obtained during routine examinations. An initial visual grading scale was developed by expert consensus. Participating clinicians, animal care professionals and hobbyist keepers were asked to independently score images using the scale. Inter- and intra-observer reliability was evaluated using statistical agreement measures to validate wide scale use.
Session Type
Lecture (25 Min)