Sedation and general anesthesia are conventional to manage procedural stress, discomfort, and pain in companion rabbits. However, rabbits experience a five to eight-fold increase in anesthetic-related deaths compared to feline and canine patients, respectively. Despite the necessity for anesthetic procedures, species-specific risk factors for peri-anesthetic mortality among rabbits are poorly characterized. This study aims to establish risk factors associated with peri-anesthetic mortality in rabbits undergoing surgical and non-surgical anesthetic procedures. A retrospective nested case-control study was conducted in rabbits undergoing sedation or general anesthesia at the Companion Exotic Animal Medicine and Surgery Service, Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, University of California, Davis from January 1, 2015, through December 31, 2024. Risk factors assessed include patient age, sex, breed, body condition score, health status, anesthetic protocol, airway management, evidence of bradycardia and tachycardia, changes in respiratory rate and quality, body temperature, blood pressure, oxygen saturation, and end-tidal carbon dioxide during anesthesia and recovery. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for peri-anesthetic deaths will be calculated using conditional logistic regression. To date, most data has been collected. All statistical analysis will be completed by May 2025 and the abstract can be updated with meaningful results before proceedings deadlines. References: Brodbelt, D. C. et al. The risk of death: the Confidential Enquiry into Perioperative Small Animal Fatalities. Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia 35, 365–373 (2008). Lee, H. W., Machin, H. & Adami, C. Peri-anaesthetic mortality and nonfatal gastrointestinal complications in pet rabbits: a retrospective study on 210 cases. Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia 45, 520–528 (2018).