Activated clotting time (ACT) is a commonly used point of care coagulation test that is quick, easily preformed, requires small amounts of whole blood, and measures the time required for complete activation of the coagulation cascade. The liver plays an important role in maintaining hemostasis, and liver-associated hemostatic abnormalities have been reported in human and veterinary literature, including coagulopathies in lizards attributed to underlying hepatopathy. However, no reports of coagulopathy related to hepatopathy currently exist for snakes. Three adult snakes (one Aruba island rattlesnake, Crotalus unicolor; one everglades rat snake, Pantherophis alleghaniensis; one Florida kingsnake, Lampropeltis getula floridana) housed in a zoologic collection were initially examined to assess contusions incidentally observed by their care takers. Whole blood collected from each snake revealed suspected prolonged ACT values evaluated via iSTAT ACTc (Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL) (C. unicolor ACT >1000 seconds; P. alleghaniensis ACT = 876 seconds; L. floridana ACT = 672 seconds) as compared to clinically normal snakes without bruising measured opportunistically from the same institution. Hepatic biopsies were collected in 3/3 snakes, and necropsy preformed in 1/3 snakes. All snakes were determined to have histopathologic abnormalities associated with their livers. The purpose of this case study was to investigate the use of ACT testing to evaluate coagulation in snakes and to describe the relationship between prolonged ACT in snakes with underlying hepatopathy. Key Words: Activated clotting time, ACT, hepatopathy, bruising, contusions, coagulation
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