Reproductive strategies for several captive species have been outlined by hobbyists for decades and yet reproductive disease is reported to be the fourth leading cause of morbidity and mortality in captive reptiles. Reptile pediatrics often requires practitioners to closely monitor of ovulation cycles and the health of hatchlings, juveniles and those that have just reached the biologic hallmark to reproduce. This also requires that a practitioner develop a knowledge of developmental disorders, common estimations of sexual maturity for several species, seasonal egg laying timelines, clutch size estimations, and knowledge of diseases most likely to affect the life of a hatchling during its continued development into adulthood. In this review, we will examine ultrasonographic characteristics of the ovulation cycle of common captive species, review updates on congenital and phenotype-specific diseases, evidence-based species specific UVB and nutrient requirements, and provide husbandry updates that optimize pediatric care guidelines for common species.