Reptile patients are increasingly diagnosed and treated for neoplasms as diagnostic and treatment options advance. Chondrosarcomas, malignancies originating from chondrocytes, are seldom reported in reptiles, with limited literature on their occurrence, particularly in boids. This case report presents a chondrosarcoma diagnosed via excisional biopsy in a desert rosy boa (Lichanura trivirgata). Remarkably slow-growing, the mass persisted for over a decade before excision. Impression smears revealed chondroid and nucleated cells, exhibiting mild anisokaryosis and occasional binucleation. Histopathology confirmed chondrosarcoma, while post-operative radiographs showed no distant metastasis. Despite multiple malignant histologic features, the patient remains alive with no recurrence or spread one year post-excision. Current veterinary grading schemes, adapted from human medicine, are used for chondromas and chondrosarcomas in reptiles. However, caution is advised, as histologic features and literature findings suggest potential variations in snake neoplasms. Slow-growing masses in reptiles should prompt consideration of cartilaginous tumors.
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