Effective, safe pain management in rodents is critical. This lecture will review the literature concerning pain assessment and analgesics in pet rodents. Some challenges toward providing appropriate pain management in pet rodents include the difficulty of assessing pain, the need for higher doses compared to dogs and cats, the risk of adverse effects of certain drugs, and the difficulty of translating studies performed in young, healthy animals to older pet rodents with underlying disease. Grimace scales have been developed for assessing pain in rats and mice. Several ethograms have been developed in guinea pigs, but cageside ethograms can be insensitive, and remote monitoring for pain in guinea pigs is ideal. Opioids are often indicated for moderate to severe pain in rodents. Buprenorphine has been studied in guinea pigs and chinchillas and studies suggest that a dose of 0.2 mg/kg is required. This drug has been associated with self-injurious behavior and pica in rats, which limits its utility. Hydromorphone appears promising at 0.3 mg/kg in guinea pigs, but a much higher dose of 2 mg/kg appears to be required in chinchillas for analgesic efficacy. Tramadol did not provide antinociception even at 40 mg/kg in chinchillas, and a dose of 60 mg/kg was associated with tremors. Studies suggest that a fairly high dose of meloxicam (1.5 mg/kg) is needed in guinea pigs. In rats, several NSAIDs have been associated with GI ulceration, so careful monitoring is required. Additional analgesic options that may be promising in rodents include gabapentin and maropitant.